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"""
Retrieve JSON schemas for validating dicts representing a ``pyproject.toml`` file.
"""
import json
import logging
import sys
from enum import Enum
from functools import partial, reduce
from itertools import chain
from types import MappingProxyType, ModuleType
from typing import (
    TYPE_CHECKING,
    Callable,
    Dict,
    Iterator,
    Mapping,
    Optional,
    Sequence,
    Tuple,
    TypeVar,
    Union,
    cast,
)

from . import errors, formats
from ._vendor import fastjsonschema as FJS
from .error_reporting import detailed_errors
from .extra_validations import EXTRA_VALIDATIONS
from .types import FormatValidationFn, Schema, ValidationFn

_logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
_chain_iter = chain.from_iterable

if TYPE_CHECKING:  # pragma: no cover
    from .plugins import PluginWrapper  # noqa


try:  # pragma: no cover
    if sys.version_info[:2] < (3, 7) or TYPE_CHECKING:  # See #22
        from importlib_resources import files
    else:
        from importlib.resources import files

    def read_text(package: Union[str, ModuleType], resource) -> str:
        return files(package).joinpath(resource).read_text(encoding="utf-8")

except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
    from importlib.resources import read_text


T = TypeVar("T", bound=Mapping)
AllPlugins = Enum("AllPlugins", "ALL_PLUGINS")
ALL_PLUGINS = AllPlugins.ALL_PLUGINS

TOP_LEVEL_SCHEMA = "pyproject_toml"
PROJECT_TABLE_SCHEMA = "project_metadata"


def _get_public_functions(module: ModuleType) -> Mapping[str, FormatValidationFn]:
    return {
        fn.__name__.replace("_", "-"): fn
        for fn in module.__dict__.values()
        if callable(fn) and not fn.__name__.startswith("_")
    }


FORMAT_FUNCTIONS = MappingProxyType(_get_public_functions(formats))


def load(name: str, package: str = __package__, ext: str = ".schema.json") -> Schema:
    """Load the schema from a JSON Schema file.
    The returned dict-like object is immutable.
    """
    return Schema(json.loads(read_text(package, f"{name}{ext}")))


def load_builtin_plugin(name: str) -> Schema:
    return load(name, f"{__package__}.plugins")


class SchemaRegistry(Mapping[str, Schema]):
    """Repository of parsed JSON Schemas used for validating a ``pyproject.toml``.

    During instantiation the schemas equivalent to PEP 517, PEP 518 and PEP 621
    will be combined with the schemas for the ``tool`` subtables provided by the
    plugins.

    Since this object work as a mapping between each schema ``$id`` and the schema
    itself, all schemas provided by plugins **MUST** have a top level ``$id``.
    """

    def __init__(self, plugins: Sequence["PluginWrapper"] = ()):
        self._schemas: Dict[str, Tuple[str, str, Schema]] = {}
        # (which part of the TOML, who defines, schema)

        top_level = cast(dict, load(TOP_LEVEL_SCHEMA))  # Make it mutable
        self._spec_version = top_level["$schema"]
        top_properties = top_level["properties"]
        tool_properties = top_properties["tool"].setdefault("properties", {})

        # Add PEP 621
        project_table_schema = load(PROJECT_TABLE_SCHEMA)
        self._ensure_compatibility(PROJECT_TABLE_SCHEMA, project_table_schema)
        sid = project_table_schema["$id"]
        top_level["project"] = {"$ref": sid}
        origin = f"{__name__} - project metadata"
        self._schemas = {sid: ("project", origin, project_table_schema)}

        # Add tools using Plugins

        for plugin in plugins:
            pid, tool, schema = plugin.id, plugin.tool, plugin.schema
            if plugin.tool in tool_properties:
                _logger.warning(f"{plugin.id} overwrites `tool.{plugin.tool}` schema")
            else:
                _logger.info(f"{pid} defines `tool.{tool}` schema")
            sid = self._ensure_compatibility(tool, schema)["$id"]
            tool_properties[tool] = {"$ref": sid}
            self._schemas[sid] = (f"tool.{tool}", pid, schema)

        self._main_id = sid = top_level["$id"]
        main_schema = Schema(top_level)
        origin = f"{__name__} - build metadata"
        self._schemas[sid] = ("<$ROOT>", origin, main_schema)

    @property
    def spec_version(self) -> str:
        """Version of the JSON Schema spec in use"""
        return self._spec_version

    @property
    def main(self) -> str:
        """Top level schema for validating a ``pyproject.toml`` file"""
        return self._main_id

    def _ensure_compatibility(self, reference: str, schema: Schema) -> Schema:
        if "$id" not in schema:
            raise errors.SchemaMissingId(reference)
        sid = schema["$id"]
        if sid in self._schemas:
            raise errors.SchemaWithDuplicatedId(sid)
        version = schema.get("$schema")
        if version and version != self.spec_version:
            raise errors.InvalidSchemaVersion(reference, version, self.spec_version)
        return schema

    def __getitem__(self, key: str) -> Schema:
        return self._schemas[key][-1]

    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[str]:
        return iter(self._schemas)

    def __len__(self) -> int:
        return len(self._schemas)


class RefHandler(Mapping[str, Callable[[str], Schema]]):
    """:mod:`fastjsonschema` allows passing a dict-like object to load external schema
    ``$ref``s. Such objects map the URI schema (e.g. ``http``, ``https``, ``ftp``)
    into a function that receives the schema URI and returns the schema (as parsed JSON)
    (otherwise :mod:`urllib` is used and the URI is assumed to be a valid URL).
    This class will ensure all the URIs are loaded from the local registry.
    """

    def __init__(self, registry: Mapping[str, Schema]):
        self._uri_schemas = ["http", "https"]
        self._registry = registry

    def __contains__(self, key) -> bool:
        return_val = isinstance(key, str)
        if return_val and key not in self._uri_schemas:
            self._uri_schemas.append(key)
        return return_val

    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[str]:
        return iter(self._uri_schemas)

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self._uri_schemas)

    def __getitem__(self, key: str) -> Callable[[str], Schema]:
        """All the references should be retrieved from the registry"""
        return self._registry.__getitem__


class Validator:
    def __init__(
        self,
        plugins: Union[Sequence["PluginWrapper"], AllPlugins] = ALL_PLUGINS,
        format_validators: Mapping[str, FormatValidationFn] = FORMAT_FUNCTIONS,
        extra_validations: Sequence[ValidationFn] = EXTRA_VALIDATIONS,
    ):
        self._code_cache: Optional[str] = None
        self._cache: Optional[ValidationFn] = None
        self._schema: Optional[Schema] = None

        # Let's make the following options readonly
        self._format_validators = MappingProxyType(format_validators)
        self._extra_validations = tuple(extra_validations)

        if plugins is ALL_PLUGINS:
            from .plugins import list_from_entry_points

            self._plugins = tuple(list_from_entry_points())
        else:
            self._plugins = tuple(plugins)  # force immutability / read only

        self._schema_registry = SchemaRegistry(self._plugins)
        self.handlers = RefHandler(self._schema_registry)

    @property
    def registry(self) -> SchemaRegistry:
        return self._schema_registry

    @property
    def schema(self) -> Schema:
        """Top level ``pyproject.toml`` JSON Schema"""
        return Schema({"$ref": self._schema_registry.main})

    @property
    def extra_validations(self) -> Sequence[ValidationFn]:
        """List of extra validation functions that run after the JSON Schema check"""
        return self._extra_validations

    @property
    def formats(self) -> Mapping[str, FormatValidationFn]:
        """Mapping between JSON Schema formats and functions that validates them"""
        return self._format_validators

    @property
    def generated_code(self) -> str:
        if self._code_cache is None:
            fmts = dict(self.formats)
            self._code_cache = FJS.compile_to_code(self.schema, self.handlers, fmts)

        return self._code_cache

    def __getitem__(self, schema_id: str) -> Schema:
        """Retrieve a schema from registry"""
        return self._schema_registry[schema_id]

    def __call__(self, pyproject: T) -> T:
        if self._cache is None:
            compiled = FJS.compile(self.schema, self.handlers, dict(self.formats))
            fn = partial(compiled, custom_formats=self._format_validators)
            self._cache = cast(ValidationFn, fn)

        with detailed_errors():
            self._cache(pyproject)
        return reduce(lambda acc, fn: fn(acc), self.extra_validations, pyproject)